Improvement in water-heaters



3 Sheets--She'et1. A. SPENGE. Water-Heaters.

149 Patented Dec. 9,1873.

3 Sheets--Sheet 3.- A. .S PEN G E.

Water-Heaters; N0 145,457. Patented-Dec. 9,1873.

"UNITED STATES PATENT Orrron.

AROHIBALD SPENCE, OF MONTREAL, CANADA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF HIS RIGHT TOPETERH. FERGUSON, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN Specification forming part of Letters Patent No- 145,457, dated December 9, 3873; application filed October 24, 1873.

buildings, churches, dwelling-houses, greenhouses, &c., for the purposeof warming them, instead of using the steam-boiler, hot-air' furnace,stove, 850.; all of which are, under certain conditions, extremelydangerous to life and property.

My improved hot-water boiler will not explode under any circumstances;neither can wood ignite from contact with the boiler or pipes. From thenovel construction of my boiler it saves alarger percentage of fuel byutilizing all the products of combustion, a greater part of which, inother appliances, goes into the chimney, and is wasted.

I proceed, therefore, by reference to the annexed drawings, where likeletters of reference indicate like parts, to more fully describe andexplain my invention.

Figure 1 represents a vertical sectional elevation of boiler. Fig. 4 isan outside view of complete boiler with ash-pit.

Letter to in Fig. 1 is the outer shell, of any desired shape, cast iniron, or made of any suitable metal. 12 is the inner shell, cast tocorrespond with the outer shell, a. The outer shell, a, and inner shell,1), form, when joined, the water-space c, as shown in Fig. 1. d (l is asediment-chamber, formed on the base of the outer shell, a, as shown inFigs. 1 and 4. e 0 indicate the flange on the inner shell, b, projectingto the face of the sediment-chamber d d. The bases of the chamber (1 dand flange e e are tapped through at intervals, for the reception ofsmall bolts, and a rust-joint is then formed, in the usual manner,between the base of the chamber cl d and the flange e e. ff are plugsinserted in the face of the sediment-chamber d d, which may be withdrawnat any time to allow the sediment that may have accumulated to bescraped out and removed. By this contrivance the water-space c is alwayskept clean, andincrustation does not take place. g is the feed or inletpipe from the tank or water-works to the boiler. h h are flangedwater-pipes connecting the lower and upper parts of the boiler by meansof bolts and nuts and a rust or other suitable joint, as shown atFig. 1. t is the smoke-flue, also joined to the top by means of arust-joint. The outer shell, j, of the top or head consists of twosemicircular or semielliptical pieces, of any suitable length, eachhaving two flanges, 7.: k, as fully shown in Fi 4, extending along theirwhole length. The halves are securely put together by having the flangesk k drilled through at intervals, and bolts and nuts with a rust orother suitable joint used, as shown in Fig. 4. The upper part of theshell j has two or more branches, marked Z, to which may be connectedthe pipes necessary for conveying the heated water through the building.There is, also, a plain pipe, m, to which the smoke-pipes leading to thechimney may be attached in the ordinary way. The inner shell, n, of thetop or head is cast in one piece, of iron, or any suitable metal, withhead 0 0 at each end, and is fastened to outer shell, j, with arust-joint, the whole forming, in conjunction with the outer shell,j,the water-space 1), and smoke and heat passages q and 1'. Openings forthe exit of smoke and heat are provided, and made to correspond with andfit into the openings 2' and m, and made tight at these places by meansof a rust or other suitable joint. Attached to the outer surface of theinner shell, 02, is a cast or wrought iron plate, 8, of any convenientthickness, riveted or cast 011, which descends through the smokeflue 2'in its center, touching at both sides, making two flues as shown in Fig.1, thereby more effectually causing the draft to go through both ends ofthe top or head, and, in consequence of the greatly-increased surfacepresented to the action of heat, the entire product of combustion isutilized. At each end of the top or head I insert, in the heads marked 00, tin or sheet-iron stoppers t t, which may be withdrawn to allow theheatchamber and. smoke-fines to be cleaned, when necessary. Into theinterior of the lower part of the boiler Iput the hollow water-cone u,connected with the water-space c by the pipe 2;, as shown in Fig. 1,said cone it having one or more openings, w, for the purpose of allowingthe product of combustion to pass through it, thereby causing the waterin the cone to heat much quicker than if the cone was not perforated.The base of the cone is formed, as shown in Fig. 1, as an annularwater-space, 00, into the base of which is cast, or secured in theordinary way, (preferably cast,) any desired number of vertical tubes,y. These serve as water-channels between the annular water-space x and alower annular water space, marked 2. By this new combination I present agreatly-increased heatingsurface in the interior of the boiler, as shownin vertical section, Fig. 1. The tubes yand the lower annular waterspace 2 are so arranged as to leave, opposite the fire-door, an openingfor replenishing the fire, when desired. No. 1 is the branch pipeleading from the lower annular water-space z to the elbow and uprightpipe 2, as shown in Fig. 1; No. 2, the pipe with elbow connectingflanged elbow-pipe a, leading from top of cone a, through inner shell1), into water-space 0,- also, connecting the annular water-space a:with an inner ring, marked 3, with cross-pipe in ring marked 4:, intothe intersection of which is secured the lower end of pipe marked 5, asshown in Fig. 2. The upper end of pipe 5 is secured in cone u by beingcast with it. In the ends of the lower annular water-space z are twoplugs, marked 6 6, which can be withdrawn to permit of cleaning away anysediment that may have accumulated in water-space z. No. 7 is the door,and is attached to the boiler in the ordinary way. No. 8 is the ash-pit,cast in iron, and fitted to base of boiler. N0. 9 is the door ofash-pit. No. 10 represents thebars or grate. Any of the grates atpresent in use may be' used, with handle projecting through an apertureleft for that purpose in ash-pit, so that the grate may be shaken, whendesired, by attaching a lever to the projecting handle 5 or plain barsmay be used, if preferred.

I claim as my invention 1. Aboiler constructed of outer shell, a, withsediment-chamber d d, plugs ff, inner shell, b, with flange e 0, as andfor the purposes set forth and described.

2. Flanged pipes h h, branching from the shoulder, connecting the top orhead, composed of outer shell, j j, flanges k 70, branches Z l, pipe m,in combination with inner shell, a, heads 0 0, stoppers t t, space 19,smoke and heat passages q and a", plate 3, double smoke-flue i, as andfor the purposes fully described and set forth.

3. The hollow water-cone a, with openings 20, annular water-space 00, incombination with vertical tubes y, lower annular water-space, 2,elbow-pipe 2, ring 3, cross-pipe 4, vertical pipe 5, movable plugs 6 6,as and for the purposes fully described and set forth.

AROIIIBALD SPENOE.

Witnesses CHARLES STrLLwnLL, PETER H. FERGUSON.

